The Themes of Abortion and Pregnancy in Hills Like White Elephants :: Hills Like White Elephants Ernest Hemingway

Hills Like White Elephants, written by Ernest Hemingway, is a story that takes place in Spain while a military personnel and wo earth wait for a train. The story is set up as a dialogue between the two, in which the man is trying to convince the woman to do something she is hesitant in doing. Through out the story, Hemingway uses metaphors to express the characters opinions and feelings. Hills Like White Elephants displays the differences in the way a man and a woman view pregnancy and abortion. The woman looks at pregnancy as a beautiful aspect of life. In the story the womans pregnancy is implied through their conversation. She refers to the near by hills as elephants They look like white elephants (464). She is comparing the hills to her own situation, pregnancy. Theyre lovely hills. They really dont look like white elephants. I just meant the coloring of their skin through the trees (465). Just as the hills have their distinct beauty to her, she views pregnancy in the same fashi on making the reference to the hills having skinan enlarged mound forming off of what was once flat. The man views pregnancy just the opposite. When the girl is talking virtually the white elephants and agrees that the man has never seen one, his response is, I might have, just because you say I havent doesnt prove anything (464). This shows the defensive spirit of the man, and when the woman implies the he is unable to differentiate between what is beautiful and what is not. Another issue that is discussed in this story is abortion and two opposing views. When the conversation turns from the hills to the exploit one is able to comprehend the mentality of the woman. Then what will we do afterwards? (465) shows the woman is concerned about what will occur after the operation. And if I do it you will be happy and things will be like they were and you will love me (465). Here, the woman implies she wants the reassurance that he will still be there after the operation, because an ab ortion places an emotional strain on the on the woman. Throughout the story it is evident that the woman is not sure if she wants to have the abortionshown in her hesitation to agree. The woman feels that people gain freedom through experiences. And we could have all of this, and every day we make it more impossible (466).

The Good Life :: Essays Papers

The Good LifeIn The Good hide, by Pearl S, Wang Lung the main character is a poor peasant who buys a wife and moves up in the social ladder during the peasants revolution. This story displays many major ideas of ancient Chinese culture, such as the social order, the treatment of women, and the role of the family in nonchalant life. At the beginning of the movie the following quote appears on the screen The soul of a great nation is expressed in the life of its humblest people. In this simple story of a Chinese farmer may be found something of the soul of China. Its humility, its courage, its deep heritage from the past and its vast promise for the future. This operator that an empires greatness can also be measured by the life of its poorest people, and from this you can tell its character and where the empire is going. The Good Earth is an accurate retort of China during the Song and Tang Dynasties. The role of the family was completely represented in both the film and the book. The oldest male in the family is always greatly respected with filial piety. Filial piety was the the idea that elders should be respected and the older you were the wiser you were. In the beginning, Wang Lung bought an ugly slave for a wife because his wise start told him to. Wang Lungs respect for his father somewhat diminishes as his wealth increases and because of this he buys a second wife for his own pleasure. This shows that the Chinese society was predisposed against women and they were a disgrace to the family.The Good Earth shows the treatment, or mistreatment, of women accurately. O-Lan was treated badly by todays standards, but Wang Lung was kind to her compared many otherwise husbands back then. Women in China were treated as slaves, they often worked in the fields, kept the house, and cared for the children. If a couple had a girl as a first child then there was a good chance that she would be killed because only men could earn good money. Some women had their feet bound to keep them small, this was thought to be attractive. If a womans feet were bound then she could not be a slave or even walk properly on retarded feet. Rich men sometimes had two wives, one they bought for slave work and the other for beauty.

The Older Worker Essay -- Employment Jobs Essays

The onetime(a) belongerThe courseplace for older adults is becoming a dynamic space rather than a unidirectional journey leading to retirement. Work life for older adults is situated in a dynamic pattern of periods of sprightly employment, temporary disengagement from the workplace, and reentry into the same or a youthful career. The new older worker is developing a third stage of working life, the period beyond the traditional retirement age and final disengagement from the work role. The third age of life has been associated with choice, personal fulfillment, and liberation (Soulsby 2000). Using this idea, we posit a third stage of working life where older workers are active agents negotiating various roles within the workspace. The actions, depending on life circumstances, might include the decision to remain in, retire from, or return to periods of part-time, full-time, or part-season work. Thus, although workplaces are searching for slipway to increase productivity, older workers are asking for increased career development opportunities and yet are still neglected by most workplaces. This publication discusses or so of the misconceptions almost older workers and the reality of a more active and involved older adult work force. There Is an Age When One Becomes an honest-to-god worker The Age MythThere appears to be considerable variation in the concept of older worker as defined by age alone. The circumstance older worker extends from 40 to 75 years of age. When workers at age 40 are referred to as older workers, age is linked to beginning thoughts about retirement decisions (Rosen and Jerdee 1986), the decline in training opportunities (Cooke 1995), the dispelling of myths about the productivity of an aging work force (Kaeter 1995a), or the need for ... ... Express Their Views. Generations 22, no. 1 (Spring 1998) 34-39. Salomon, A. A Trainers Guide to Retirement Planning. Training 19, no. 8 (August 1982) 42, 47. Soulsby, J. Learning in the Four th Age. Leicester, England National Institute of Adult Continuing Education, 2000. Stalker, P. Wiser Policies for Older Workers. World of Work no. 12 (May-June 1995) 22-23.Sterns, H., and Miklos, S. The Aging Worker in a Changing Environment. Journal of Vocational Behavior 47, no. 3 (December 1995) 248-268. Sullivan, S., and Duplaga, E. Recruiting and Retaining Older Workers for the New Millennium. Business Horizons 40, no. 6 (November-December 1997) 65-69. Yeatts, D. Folts, W. and Knapp, J. Older Workers Adaptation to a Changing Workplace Employment Issues for the 21st Century. Educational Gerontology 25, no. 4 (June 1999) 338-347.

The Six Day War Essay -- Military History

The Six Day WarIntroductionHistory records the 1967 Arab-Israeli War (Six-Day War) as one of the most memorable on record. Israeli forces delivered a stunning defeat to a coalition of Arab forces that greatly outnumbered the much smaller Israeli force. supremacy was made possible by the initial aerial attack launched by Israeli Air Forces. The elements of surprise, stealth, Operational Security (OPSEC), precision planning and flawless effect were essential to victory. The opening aerial offensive has been called one of the most stunning successes in modern warfare . This case study will review the history, preparation, execution, and lessons versed of this conflict. There is much profit for those who will study this war and consider the essential elements that made the impossible- possible.HistoryThe United Nations General Assembly voted for the establishment of an Israeli independent state on 29 November 1947. Independence was claimed on May 14th, 1948. Immediately, Arab nations were hostile towards the presence of a Jewish state. No peace was to be enjoyed. Arab legions skirt Israeli camps and brutally attacked and slaughtered, even civilians. Uneasy relations continued and sporadic wars were to be required in order to preserve the Jewish state. In 1967, tensions were stewing as another war was on the horizon. While the Jewish state was far out-numbered and surrounded by foes, the Jewish people were inspired to fight for their real survival. President Gamal Abdel Nasser, of Egypt, delivered unsettling, warmongering speeches that only served to further inspire the Israelis to fight with passion. The Israelis had a courage and patriotism that made them try harder and more unselfishly . The... ...ng design, which proved to be a detriment as they could easily be made unusable by a single bomb strike at the intersecting runways . In addition, nations invested in advanced technology, seeking better early warning radar systems. ReferencesTucker, Spencer C., Battles that Changed History An Encyclopedia of World Conflict, Santa Barbara, CA ABC-CLIO, 2011Weller, Jae, Israeli Armor Lessons From the Six-Day War, Military analyse Vol.51, No.11, Nov 1971Rabinovich, Abraham, First Strike, The Quarterly Journal of Military History, Vol.2, No.3, Spring 1990In Search of Peace Part One 1948-1967. DVD. Moriah Films, 1997Against All Odds Six-Day War & Raid on Entebbe. DVD. A&E Television Networks, 1996Dogfights No Room for Error. DVD. A&E Television Networks, 2007Dogfights The Complete Season One, Volume Four. DVD. A&E Television Networks, 2006

Bound By Honor :: essays research papers

Blood InBlood OutBound By Honor.In the movie Blood InBlood Out, thither are three young Chi nominateo youngs just trying to survive in a white mans world. First, you have Paco, a rebellious teen that loves a fight, and is in a small East Los Angeles street closed chain called Vatos Locos. Then, there is his half brother Cruz, he is trying to stray away from the work party life by painting, however, he still is and hangs with the Vatos Locos. Lastly, with blonde hair, blue eyes, and white skin, there is Miklo the cousin of Cruz and Paco, who ran away from his white father to reconect with his Mexican roots. The only difficulty is Miklo does non look Chicano, and the Mexican community, including Paco, have a hard time accepting him into the world he so much wants to be a reveal of. His friends call him names like white boy or guero to make fun of his skin. Miklo though, is determined to gain the respect of his peers, he decides that he too wants to be a Vato Loco, which doesnt s it very well with Paco. He tells Miklo, Do white boys get VL placas (tattoos)? No, it doesnt happen. Unless and thats where it all starts. Paco decides that his cousin can be part of the Vatos Locos, but since he is half white, he will have to prove himself to the group, by doing something big for them. Miklo quickly obliges, and bashes out the window of a agree gang called Tres Puntos. With that Miklo gets to be in the in crowd as he always wanted to be. Tres Puntos not agreeing with this, takes it out on Cruz, and thus starts a gang war. Things become even worse when at a war between the two gangs, Miklo shoots and kills the head member Spider. This brings on even bigger problems then Miklo can imagine San Quentin Prison.Suddenly, everything Miklo learned in the street gang becomes obsolete, and he is back to being an outsider with no one to turn to. The AVers, a order of white males in prison, want Miklo to side with them, but Miklo does not want any part of them. Instead, he w ants to hang with the Mexican clique, La Onda, which do not want anything to do with this guero (white boy in Spanish). They pick on him, call him names, and do not want him within their sight.

An Introduction to Evolution Essay -- Evolution Science Biology Essays

An installation to EvolutionWhat is Evolution? Evolution is the process by which all animateness thingshave true from primitive organisms through with(predicate) changes occurring over billionsof geezerhood, a process that includes all animals and plants. Exactly how phylogenyoccurs is still a matter of debate, but there be umteen different theories andthat it occurs is a scientific fact. Biologists twin that all living thingscome through a long history of changes shaped by physical and chemical substance processesthat are still taking purport. It is doable that all organisms arouse be taildback to the origin of Life from one celled organims.The most direct proof of evolution is the science of Paleontology,or the study of look in the past through fossil the Great Compromiser or impressions, usuallyin rock. Changes occur in living organisms that serve to increase theiradaptability, for survival and reproduction, in changing environments. Evolutionapparently has no built -in direction purpose. A given kind of organism mayevolve only when it occurs in a variety of forms differing in hereditary traits,that are passed from parent to offspring. By chance, some varieties splay to beill vary to their current environment and thus disappear, whereas othersprove to be adaptive, and their numbers increase. The elimination of the unfit,or the survival of the fittest, is known as Natural Selection because it isnature that discards or favors a particular being. Evolution takes place onlywhen natural selection operates on apopulation of organisms containing diverseinheritable forms.HISTORYPierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (1698-1759) was the first topropose a general theory of evolution. He give tongue to that hereditary material,consisting of particles, was transmitted from parents to offspring. His opinionof the part played by natural selection had little influence on othernatural scientists.Until the mid-19th century, naturalists believed that each species was created separately, either through a supreme being or through spontaneousgeneration the concept that organisms arose fully developed from shite or water.The work of the Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnaeus in advancing the classifyingof biological organisms focused attention on the close similarity betweencertain species. possibility began as to the existence of a material body of bloodrelationship between... ...y different. For example, the wing of a bird and the wing of abutterfly are analogous some(prenominal) are used for flight, but they are entirelydifferent structurally. Analogous structures do non indicate evolutionaryrelationships.Closely related fossils preserved in continuous successions of rockstrata have allowed evolutionists to trace in detail the evolution of manyspecies as it has occurred over several million years. The ancestry of the horsecan be traced through thousands of fossil remains to a small terrier-sizedanimal with four toes on the front feet and t hree toes on the hind feet. Thisancestor lived in the Eocene Epoch, about 54 million years ago. From fossils inthe higher layers of stratified rock, the horse is found to have graduallyacquired its modern form by in the end evolving to a one-toed horse almost exchangeablemodern horses and finally to the modern horse, which dates back about 1 millionyears.CONCLUSION TO EVOLUTIONAlthough we are not totally certain that evolution is how we got the lookwe are now, it is a strong belief among many people today, and scientist arefinding more and more conclusion to back up the evolutionary theory. An Introduction to Evolution Essay -- Evolution Science Biology EssaysAn Introduction to EvolutionWhat is Evolution? Evolution is the process by which all living thingshave developed from primitive organisms through changes occurring over billionsof years, a process that includes all animals and plants. Exactly how evolutionoccurs is still a matter of debate, but there are ma ny different theories andthat it occurs is a scientific fact. Biologists agree that all living thingscome through a long history of changes shaped by physical and chemical processesthat are still taking place. It is possible that all organisms can be tracedback to the origin of Life from one celled organims.The most direct proof of evolution is the science of Paleontology,or the study of life in the past through fossil remains or impressions, usuallyin rock. Changes occur in living organisms that serve to increase theiradaptability, for survival and reproduction, in changing environments. Evolutionapparently has no built-in direction purpose. A given kind of organism mayevolve only when it occurs in a variety of forms differing in hereditary traits,that are passed from parent to offspring. By chance, some varieties prove to beill adapted to their current environment and thus disappear, whereas othersprove to be adaptive, and their numbers increase. The elimination of the unfit,or th e survival of the fittest, is known as Natural Selection because it isnature that discards or favors a particular being. Evolution takes place onlywhen natural selection operates on apopulation of organisms containing diverseinheritable forms.HISTORYPierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (1698-1759) was the first topropose a general theory of evolution. He said that hereditary material,consisting of particles, was transmitted from parents to offspring. His opinionof the part played by natural selection had little influence on othernaturalists.Until the mid-19th century, naturalists believed that each specieswas created separately, either through a supreme being or through spontaneousgeneration the concept that organisms arose fully developed from soil or water.The work of the Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnaeus in advancing the classifyingof biological organisms focused attention on the close similarity betweencertain species. Speculation began as to the existence of a sort of bloodrelat ionship between... ...y different. For example, the wing of a bird and the wing of abutterfly are analogous both are used for flight, but they are entirelydifferent structurally. Analogous structures do not indicate evolutionaryrelationships.Closely related fossils preserved in continuous successions of rockstrata have allowed evolutionists to trace in detail the evolution of manyspecies as it has occurred over several million years. The ancestry of the horsecan be traced through thousands of fossil remains to a small terrier-sizedanimal with four toes on the front feet and three toes on the hind feet. Thisancestor lived in the Eocene Epoch, about 54 million years ago. From fossils inthe higher layers of stratified rock, the horse is found to have graduallyacquired its modern form by eventually evolving to a one-toed horse almost likemodern horses and finally to the modern horse, which dates back about 1 millionyears.CONCLUSION TO EVOLUTIONAlthough we are not totally certain that e volution is how we got the waywe are now, it is a strong belief among many people today, and scientist arefinding more and more evidence to back up the evolutionary theory.

Running Head:Factors to Evaluate in Making a Location Decision

In industry and commerce one of the most critical aspect of the future success of any business organisation entity, is the strategic lieu where the business is supposed to be set up. With the advent of tech nary(prenominal)ogy, increased competition, cost cutting measures and advancement in business infrastructure, the decision making process of identifying the most exaltation locations to set up a business has become more complicated and dynamic. (MacCarthy B.L. & Atthirawong W. 2003).The location decision process is an intricate process that involves the systematic feasibility rent of a location with the view of establishing the advantages that would accrue to the organizations locality. The assessment of a particular location is an assignment that the enterprise should thoroughly conduct because it impart determine its survivalThe site where such a business is located is of central importance because it determines not only the competitiveness of the enterprise but its take a nd overhead capacities as well. Therefore any organization departing to progress has got to evaluate and invest heavily in the location decision process. (MacCarthy, B.L., & Atthirawong W. 2003)It is important earlier discussing the factors that mould location decision to understand that various industries differ in the way they assess these factors. international organizations setting up bases in foreign countries will always have different methodology from an organization setting up base at local level. The receipts industrys evaluation curriculum will also differ from a manufacturing entity whereas the service industrys major criteria would be the proximity to the market and the consumers ability to buy, the manufacturing entity would be different. A manufacturing plants briny focus besides the availability of the market would generally be cost cutting factors.These paper is going to address factors that would be important for an international dissolute feeling for a loca tion in bare-ass international market.There are various factors that such an organization is supposed to pay particular attention to.These factors influence the ability of the organization/industry to achieve its goal and mission. A location decision considers both economic and non-economic factors, which are sometimes referred to as financial and non-financial considerations. The beginning(a) step towards making a correct and comprehensive decision is started off by defining the problem. The recognition that there is a train for a new location, which is necessitated by such factors asNew competitionBusiness expansionChange in customer needsWhen the problem or the reason for looking for a new location has been assessed and defined then the next important stage is to critically examine the various factors that are supposed to be evaluated in identifying the location of the enterprise. This factors are categorized into two Economic factors and non economic factorsEconomic Factors E conomic factors will determine the profitability of the enterprise. Under economic factors costs that need to be evaluated are production costs, which would include the cost of energy (electricity), cost of raw materials, cost of taxation and wage rate inwardly the new location. net income rates on the other hand will enable the company determine among other things level of production, the payroll budget and consequently the cost of the wind up product (Bognanno M. F. Et al 2005).Procurement costs also play a vital role in selecting the site because they determine the total cost of the close product or service. Procurement costs include cost of sourcing of raw materials, cost of transportation and other logistic issues.Distribution costs determine the shrewdness level of the goods or services that are being offered by the enterprise. The market accessibility is the key feature when assessing the market and would include the infrastructure development within the specified locati on, mode of transportation and the number of distribution channels. In most international companies the greatest factor remains the market size at the military country and the accessibility to other lucrative markets. (Spee R. & Wim D.2003)Transport and infrastructure are key element to consider when evaluating the location. These two are important factors especially for the service industry that need to stay close to their market. Infrastructure may include such aspects as level of technological integration the standard of the road engagement or rail network, the accessibility to such institutions wish well banks and other credit points.The telecommunication systems also are part of the infrastructure framework and such factors like Internet, telephone, mobile phones and Information technology advancement determine how well the enterprise will be able to coordinate its various activities. (Spee R. & Wim D.2003)Non-monetary/non-economic factorsThese are factors that do not necess arily have any fixed monetary value yet they contribute significantly towards the enterprises productivity. Top of this list are government and political issues. Policies authentic by respective governments determine how well the organization is able to fit in the particular environment. Number of trade licenses, patent protection laws, industrial natural rubber regulation, the tax regime, legal settlement process, environmental laws and so on are some of the considerations that the company needs to consider. (Talley-Seijn, M.2004)Labor characteristics are another non-economic factor that affects the location decision. The characteristics of the poke determine how fast the company will be able to fit within a particular environment. The availability of human management resources and peculiar(prenominal) skills will enable the company to conduct various production and management processes in the most efficient manner. Availability of technical know-how, experienced personnel and well-equipped labor force is the key driver to how the entity will conduct its business. (Brush, T. H.1999)Government stability is very important for any organization. Stability can be looked in footing of how the government handles transition from one regime to another, its relationship with the neighboring countries and its governance abilities. In democratic countries this is a major factor to consider because the stability of the state government directly affects strategic plans that the enterprise may come up with. (Brush, T. H.1999)REFERENCESBognanno, Mario F., Michael P. Keane, and Donghoon Yang. (2005) The Influence of Wages and Industrial Relations Environments on the employment Location Decisions of U.S. Multinational Corporations. Industrial and Labor Relations Review 58, no. 2Brush, Thomas H (1999) plant location decision in multinational manufacturing firms An empirical digest of international business and manufacturing strategy perspectives, The. Production and Oper ations Management.MacCarthy, B.L., and W. Atthirawong. (2003) Factors Affecting Location Decisions in International OperationsA Delphi Study. International Journal of Operations and Production Management 23, no. 7 794828.Spee, Roel, and Wim Douw. (September 2003) Cost-Reduction Location Strategies. Journal of Corporate Real Estate 6, no. 1Talley-Seijn, Margaret. (July 2004) 30 Years of Location Strategies. Plants, Sites and Parks 31, no. 3 2629.

Hydrogen Peroxide and Iodide Kinetics Essay

(Be sure to state references for each cited value at the end of this report. Addition eachy, all report material must be in INK pencil or white-out will render the work ineligible for mark appeal)1.What observations and conclusions net you note about each of the three reactions that occurred in the test tubes where you combined potassium iodide, KI, and hydrogen hydrogen bleach, H2O2 (in part 1) of the experiment? (Give a detailed explanation of any observations that you made, i.e., what made the colour change, what reactions happened?)ANSWER2.Use the information below to develop the necessary calculations for the rate of reaction from the solutions in part B of the experiment manoeuvre the initial meter of iodide ion in each of the solutions, once your solutions are mixed. Remember The KI stock solution tautness was known , and you employ a specific rule book of the solution, -. However, at the start of the reaction you must account for the fact that the total heap of each solution was 200 mL.ANSWERCalculate the initial molarity of the hydrogen peroxide in each of your solutions, once the solutions do been mixed. Remember The H2O2 stock solution concentration was known , and you used a specific volume of the solution, . However, at the start of the reaction you must account for the fact that the total volume of each solution was 200 mL.ANSWERCalculate the number of moles of atomic number 11 thiosulfate, Na2S2O3, that was initially present in each solution. Remember The Na2S2O3 stock solution concentration was known and you used a specific volume of the solution, . This information is used to determine the number of moles.ANSWERBalance the reaction that occurred in each of the solutions. Refer to Eq. 1, 3, and 4 in the research laboratory instructions for the components that are involved.ANSWERCalculate the number of moles of hydrogen peroxide that has reacted Note You will need to use stoichiometry to determine this. ANSWERCalculate the change in concentration of hydrogen peroxide in each case, i.e., moles of H2O2 reacted per litre of solution. Hint Recall the total volume, and you have calculated the number of moles that reacted, previously.ANSWERCalculate the rate of the reaction, which is simply the change in concentration of H2O2 (calculated above) divided by the time it took for the reaction to complete. i.e., the numbers of moles per litre of peroxide consumed divided by the number of seconds required to react completely.ANSWER recognize the table below you can manually do the calculations to fill all of the cells, or it is possible to use a spreadsheet program to calculate the values. (RECOMMENDED) The process you have used above can be repeated to provide the values for each of the entries in the table.ANSWER3.Use the following steps to calculate the values of a and b as described in the lab procedure (under the heading The rate law and our process for obtaining a, b, and k.) In the solutions A, B and C, the concent ration of hydrogen peroxide used was the same. Therefore, these solutions are a suitable series for an examination of the dependence of the rate of reaction on the concentration of the iodide ion. Similarly, solutions C, D, and E have the same concentration of iodide ion.Therefore, those solutions can be used to examine the dependence of the rate of reaction on the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. Recalling Eq. 5 Eq. 7 in the laboratory instructions, by plotting ln(rate) against lnI-, using data from solutions A, B, and C, we can determine the value of a for this reaction. Similarly, by preparing a plot of ln(rate) against lnH2O2 using the data from solutions C, D and E, we can evaluate b for this reaction. See the laboratory instructions near Eq. 5-7 for an explanation of how a and b can be determined from the slopes of the straight lines of best-fit that should be obtained using the experimental data-points.graphical record 1 Plot ln(rate) against lnI- using the data from the table for solutions A, B, and C. Add the best-fit straight line through your experimental points and determine the slope of this line. This is best accomplished by using a spreadsheet program to generate the graphs, and adding a regression line or trendline with the equation for the line displayed. The value of the slope from this line will be the value of b (as shown in Equation 6 of the lab manual). Remember the final value of b should be integer or half-integer.ANSWER represent 2 Plot ln(rate) against lnH2O2 using the data from the table for solutions C, D, and E. Add the best-fit straight line through your experimental points and determine the slope of this line. This is best accomplished by using a spreadsheet program to generate the graphs, and adding a regression line or trendline with the equation for the line displayed. The value of the slope of this line is the value of a (as shown in Equation 7 of the lab manual). Remember the final value of a should be integer or half-in teger.ANSWER4.Using Equation 2 of the lab manual, calculate the values of k (at room temperature) for each reaction trial you performed, using your values of a, b, and the rate and concentration information in the table. You should end up with 5 values of k, for the five trials that you performed at room temperature.ANSWERCalculate the average value of k. Use this value of k, and the values of a and b to frame out the general rate law for the reaction, (see Eq. 2).ANSWER5.Using the rate of reaction for solution A at room temperature, and the rate of the reaction at el temperature, use Eq. 10 from the lab procedure to calculate the activation energy, Ea. (Note pay attention to the units of the gas constant, R)

Children of the City Essay

Amadis ma Guerrero was born in Ermita, Manila in 1941, hegraduated from the Ateneo de manila in 1965 from theUniversity of Santo Tomas in 1959. His short story Children of the metropolis is a dep impostureure from his usual style. It won the PalancaAwards in 1971.SettingThis story happened in the late 1980s. Everything occurredin the dark perilous busy streets of Manila. Boulevard . streets of avenida Characterization- higher-upHe is a boy from Intramuros. At the age of eight, he loses hisfather and his mother abandons him for some other man. He ishired as a newsboy by his uncle and starts his brio on the streets.Innocent and young, he ponders on the menace and vices of hiscolleagues and the citizenry all around him. - superscripts DadA good-natured man and a loving father to Victor, he was apart of a workers strike. The man loved his son dearly and hisdeath brought a huge blow to Victor. -Victors MomShe loved Victors dad but never cared felt any affection forher son. She took her husbands death grievously. But later on,she ignores Victor, be observes a prostitute, then leaves Victor to hisUncle to go away with her new l over. -Tio PedringVictors uncle, he adopted victor after the leaving of hissister. He forces victor to become a theme boy. -NacioHe is a newspaper boy. He was victors new friend. Thoughfull of cruel vices, Victor took his death as another major loss.SummaryThe father of the boy Victor got involved in a strike. He actsas though it was nothing and conduces Victor to night walks aroundManila. He takes Victors mind cancelled vices and promises Victor abright future someday.One day, during the strike. Victors father was shot dead inthe heart. His wife mourned greatly and his son was subdued.Thewife began to disappear late at night and come home early dawn.She refuses to take care of Victor. And then, she comes homewith some goon, telling that the goon will be Victors new dad.Victor didnt like the unknown at all. As often as possible, he triest o stay out of his mom and her lovers way.And then, Victor just woke up with his mother and the mangone. His Uncle Pedring introduces to take care of him. Herecruits Victor to a newspaper job. The man does not treat Victorwell unless he brings home money.During his job, Victor meets Nacio.Nacio was also anewspaper boy. He taught Victor various tricks in newspaperselling. They become close friends.Victors job grew prosperous. Soon, his Boss starts to trusthim with a ration of 20 papers a day. He becomes contented withhis life until-Nacio was run over a car. He was dead. Victor grieved for hisfriend just like the way he did with his father. He gets beaten upwith the other kids.His colleagues beat him up whenever he refuses to smoke orsay trust words Victor was defiant at first. But after long, tiredof being tossed around like a stray dog-Victor finally gave up.Moral lessonThe story cease when the author realized how cruel theworld is And Victor, swirled the life of the city this city , flushed withtriumphant charity campaigns, where workers were made to signstatements certifying they received minimum wage, wheremillionaire politicians received Holy Communion every Sunday,where mothers taught their sons and daughters the art of begging, where orphans and children from broken homes slept onpavements and under darkened bridges, and where best friendsfell out and betrayed one another.This world is mean indeed people become the way theyare, not because of fate, but of how the people around themrevolve. Children of politicians study at universities and tend toget spoiled. Whereas, orphans are shunned downwards and areleft to fill the streets and crawl under the powerfuls shoes. The story shows us the way life turns and how what webecome rests upon our defiance and decisions. This has been ahackneyed phrase through the decades but it portrays some kindof truth.

Invitation to Sociology Essay

Peter L. Berger (1963, pp. 2324) 2 noted in his classic apply Invitation to Sociology, The first wisdom of sociology is thisthings argon not what they seem. Social reality, he said, has many layers of essence, and a goal of sociology is to help us discover these multiple meanings. He continued, hoi polloi who like to avoid shocking discoveriesshould stay away from sociology. As Berger was emphasizing, sociology helps us see through conventional arrangements of how society works. He referred to this theme of sociology as the laugh at motif. By looking for levels of reality other than those given in the official interpretations of society (p. 38), 3 Berger said, sociology looks beyond on-the-surface understandings of social reality and helps us recognize the value of alternative understandings. In this manner, sociology often challenges conventional understandings well-nigh social reality and social institutions. For example, suppose two people meet at a college dance. They are interested in getting to know each other. What would be an on-the-surface understanding and description of their interaction over the next few minutes? What do they say? If they are like a typical couple who just met, they will ask questions like, Whats your name? Where are you from? What dorm do you live in? Whats your major? Now, such a description of their interaction is OK as far as it goes, but what is really going on here?Does any of the two people really care that much slightly the other persons answers to these questions? Isnt each one more than concerned about how the other person is responding, both verbally and nonverbally, during this brief interaction? For example, is the other person paying attention and smiling? Isnt this kind of understanding a more complete analysis of these few minutes of interaction than an understanding based solely on the answers to questions like, Whats your major? For the most complete understanding of this brief encounter, then, we must lo ok beyond the rather superficial things the two people are telling each other to uncover the true meaning of what is going on. As another example, consider the power structure in a city or state. To know who has the power to make decisions, we would probably natter a city or state charter or constitution that spells out the powers of the branches of government. This written document would indicate who makes decisions and haspower, but what would it not talk about? To put it another way, who or what else has power to influence the decisions elected officials make? Big corporations? Labor unions? The media? Lobbying groups representing all sorts of interests? The city or state charter or constitution may indicate who has the power to make decisions, but this understanding would be limited unless one looks beyond these written documents to get a deeper, more complete understanding of how power really operates in the setting being studied.

Marketing Plan for Langkawi

Executive summary Langkawi, such an amazing island, attracted a lot of people from all over the world. Unbalanced regional study, domestic and distant tourism competition make Langkawi bednot germinate a festering genuinely well, that is the reason why Langkawi open firenot be the world-wild attraction. A right marting plan nates make Langkawi give full play to its advantages and make up for weakness, and then get a good development of marketing. Setting marketing objectives, confirm hindquarters markets, procedure marketing strategies to develop a marketing plan for Langkawi is the focal point of this article.Introduction Langkawi, The Island of Legend is located 108 kilometers northwest of Peninsular Malaysia, the border of Malaysia and Thailand. Comprising a root of 104 islands, the biggest whiz is Langkawi, it is a place for those seeking tranquility and refuge from the hustle and bustle of city life. The area is about 526 square kilometers. The main island spans ab out 25 kilometers from north to south. Two-thirds of island covered forests, hills and natural vegetation. Its a biggest cluster island in Malaysia, constitute of 99 limestone islands.Langkawi Island is richly blessed with a heritage of fabulous myths and legends. As a natural promised land, this island perhaps is incomparable anyw here else in Southeast Asia. The country beauty of the island makes itself a compelling attraction. Langkawi, a drooping part of Malaysia, attracted no tourists until 1987. In 1997, there are 1. 7million tourists visited Langkawi and the number reached 2. 38million in 2009. Most of the development is in the main town of Kuah and in isolated beach resorts around the coast.The drome is located on this island as well hotel resorts, restaurants and shops. The two main beaches, Pantai Cenang and Pantai Kok, are on the islands western coast, with Pantai Cenang beingness the close to popular as the place for hotels and restaurants. stud along the northern c oast are the more luxurious resorts. With the only intention to promote tourism, the island was granted a tax-free status. Government has come up with special developments to promote the tourism industry in Langkawi.Tourists are withal requested not to bring any cars or another(prenominal) vehicles to go to this island, so it can save this city far from pollution and then make it as a green tourist destination. The Northern Corridor Economic Region development program is a Malaysia Government initiative to promote the economic growth in the north of Peninsular Malaysia . In order to improve the Langkawis part as a world-class tourist destination, the Northern Corridor Economic Region is trying hard to attract further world-class hotels and holiday resorts to this island.In the folk system aspects, the delight service development in Langkawi is not a patch on Phuket Island, the rich of history and conclusion is not as good as Bali Island, but it has abundant natural and geologi c beauty, simplicity and peaceful country life, leisurely and comfortable tourism atmosphere, it can be developed as an ecological, geological and leisure tourism island. That makes Langkawi not only restrain a unique style with neighboring storied islands, but overly an intellectual tourism crusade for satisfy tourists yearning at present.Langkawi is surrounded with many legends that could be occasiond in the marketing of the island. In do-gooder to the natural and social resources, Langkawi has many other resources that could be developed into visitor attractions such as rubber fields, factories, fishing villages and the Hindu temples. The qualify of the future is expected to the attentive planning and decision by Lembaga Pembangunan Langkawi (LADA). Marketing objectives Langkawi is a potential island for coastal tourism. Coastal tourism has been the worlds largest tourism hot spots and important pillar.With the development of the economy and coastal tourism in the context of the global is developing quickly, coastal tourism development of real estate has become an important component. In order to develop coastal tourism reasonable, the marketing plan should be suitable for langkawi. Vision To become a world-class agency in the efficient and creative development of langkawis infrastructure and tourism industry. Mission To develop langkawis specialized attractions (such as theme park) objective 1. To protect natural resource in order to obtain sustainable development. 2. To improve entertainment facilities in langkawi. . To make believe a theme park for eco-tourism. 4. Promote Langkawi as an international tourist destination. The island has an abundance of potential, especially in eco-tourism. They could build a theme park that co-exists with the environment and encourages eco-awareness. (Jimmy Leong ). only focuses on ecological egis, and to obtain sustainable development. The international success coastal resorts all pay anxiety to ecological pro tection principle. Target markets From region, the figure shows that more than 70% of visitor in langkawi is from Malaysia, that means main visitor market in langkawi is domestic market.However, Thailand, Singapore is Langkawis largest market for unknown tourist. And from demography, family and couple prefer to go langkawi. Because langkawi is a quite resplendent and reasonable coasts for destination. Couple choose langkawi as honeymoon destination. The family go spend because of amazing landscape, and also duty free shop. According to statistics released by the Tourism Division of the Langkawi extendment Authority, that there were 2,461,455 visitors stayed on the island during 2009 which nearly 25% were from overseas, All in all, Langkawis target market is couples and families both in international and domestic.Marketing strategies Product pricing The price that tourism enterprises set need to conform to the certain standards, if the price is too low, customers may position th ose products are not worth to buy, tourism enterprises are hard to get a profit, and if the price is too high, customers have no ability to consumption, there allow be no gather up on it. In Langkawi, some luxury hotels, restaurants and entertainment industries can use high price strategy to approaching market and it is good for market positioning.Travel agency, local attractions and hotels can offer discount for visitors when they reaches a certain amount. Some hotels, motels or airlines can provide seasonal discount in rainy season, international flights can adjustment the price according to the size of demand, and the purpose is to attract customers, make sure they can get a profit. set can be based on competitors, it is a kind of methods that pricing according to the price of competitors. Price variance remains unchanged and always be a little higher than competitors or a bit lower. So ompare to other islands, Langkawi can pricing according to its dominant position and give a higher price, for inferior position, we can give a discount for customers, in order to attract them to come. Promotion Promoting the tourism development of Langkawi is genuinely necessary. Promotion can be used in various ways. Public relations is a good way to promote it, we can make people pay attention to the propaganda by special events or public service activities. There are a lot of people from all over the world, looking for the information of Langkawi on the Internet.These potential visitors want to know the interesting places in this island, where they can stay, which restaurant offers the best meal. We can build websites about Langkawis detailed information, shows the travel and accommodation arrangements and let people know what the suitable choice is for them. Hotels can offer special discount for attracting tourists to stay in Langkawi, whatever people come to Langkawi for business, vacation or conference, Langkawi has different kinds of accommodation types to serve customers, discount hotels can attract more tourists to stay because most of them want to save money.Airlines can provide squalid flights, make everyone can travel by air. Travel agency can promote the preferential travel project, save money and time for visitors. We can also advertise Langkawi through media, newspaper, magazine, television or giveaways such as calendars and training packages, print and send out brochures, provide travel reservation service and use publicity to build a positive send off of Langkawi, let people see them in their daily life. People Only find that demand can satisfy the demand. The process of finding demand needs to realize by employees.Tourism enterprises need to arouse the enthusiasm of the employees, let them seeking for potential customers according to the demand of them. The employees with high quality and comply with the requirements are very important. Training the industry professionals, make sure travel agency employees can let visitors have a good experience in Langkawi, and get satisfactory services from hotels, restaurants and other entertainment industries, because their service attitude and level is one of the key factors which decided to customers on the tourism enterprises satisfaction, a not professional employee may be adly affect Langkawis image, leading to the loss of customers, reduce the economic income of travel enterprises, affect the development of tourism industry in Langkawi. People not only those of the employees, but also customers. The feeling of customers on the service quality may be bear on by the opinion of other customers. The marketing goal is getting loyal customers those whom believe in tourism enterprises and think they are worth to spend, and they are also willing to recommend Langkawi to other customers, thus to improve the popularity and positive image of Langkawi. ProcessesWhile producing and service delivering at the same time, process management can guarantee the availability of se rvice and stable quality. Otherwise, it is very difficult to balance the supply and demand of service. We must find the way to handle the peak demands, seeking the method in different level to maximum satisfy the different needs of different customers. In the implementation process of Langkawis marketing planning, it might happened some accidents because of the change of the market, we must do our best for the supervision, regulate and control in the whole process, to achieve the best effect of marketing.To sum up, in the marketing strategies combinations of Langkawi, in addition to the human factors are uncontrolled, other factors are controllable. We should adapt to the external environment actively, give full play to Langkawis advantages and make up for weakness, and then get a good development of marketing. Physical evidence Physical evidence is making the invisible services of products as much as possible comme il faut visible products, let consumers fell that the service produ ct is exists, and improving visitors enjoy the value of the service products process.Germany has a successful businessman said a wide reception is better than a detailed manual. For example, the first time a visit goes to the langkawi restaurant, before entered the restaurant, the restaurants appearance and signs has made him an initial printing. If the impression is good, he will go into the restaurant, and then the internal decorate, how clean the desktop is and the waiters etiquette image will directly to decide he will repast here or not. If management and utilization t well, it can help customers experience the characteristic of langkawi, improve the service when you get to enjoy the benefit and contribute to create a good image for langkawi, to support the implementation of the marketing strategy. Conversely, it may send wrong message to customers, influence the customers expectations and judgment to langkawi, it will damage the image of langkawi. Physical evidence should fo cus on object factors, human factors and atmosphere factors and it also can improve physical evidence from outdoor billboards, TV advert and the promotion activities in public places.We can add the local customs and features to langkawis guideposts and signs, on the other hand, service personnel should dress the same uniform, step forward efforts to make slogan and publicity material. Conclusion Langkawi is a romantic, beautiful island which has richly natural resources, where nature itself also has many excellent conditions, making her a paradise in Southeast Asia. Walking on the main island of Langkawi, an oasis of Rubber Forest and paddy fields are in front of you, dotted with the conventional tall houses (Ganlan), coconut waves, two or three Islanders who make a living by fishing and farming pass by.All these form a very laid-back screen. On this island which is full of antiquated legend, the earth fell asleep in a lullaby of insect croak piping. In addition tothe beautifuln atural scenery, Langkawi alsohas a longhistory andtraditional culture. Langkawiis aduty-free island that youcan buya lot ofduty-free products. As the famous internationally archipelago of 99 tropical islands in Malaysia, Langkawi is the absolute holiday paradise which offers modern accommodation facilities and amenities set against the natural backdrop of sun-drenched beaches and ancient rainforests teeming with exotic plant and animal life.For its beautiful geological heritage of stunning landscapes, Langkawi is a really good place to go, it is absolute a godforsaken travel destination. Experience the beautiful countryside and the peaceful landscape of paddy fields, pass by some small villages with wooden houses which build by palm trees, and children pedaling their old bicycles on the road. Beautiful scenery, great adventures, five-star conveniences and an international airport make Langkawi a great place for a holiday. An agro-based economy of padi and rubber cultivation and fi sheries is being ast overtaken by a tourism-driven economy, taking into consideration the natural, unspoiled, ecological beauty of the island and major governmental emphasis. The largest and most developed island known as Langkawi is the focal point for most visitors. Traditionally the islanders have relied upon the farming and fishing industries for their livelihood, but in 1987 they were awarded Duty Free status, and the subsequent increase in visitors has promoted tourism to the point of being the islands largest industry.Tourism is one of the most important industries in Malaysias national economy, and it has an important effect on promoting national economic and social development. Malaysia is richly in natural tourism resources and culture tourism resources. Since the 1960s, tourism resource advantages are gradually translated into the real economic advantages. With the rapid development of Malaysian tourism industry, during the past 50 years, remarkable achievements have be en made in the number of tourists to Malaysian, foreign exchange income, tourism infrastructure construction, the opening and protection of tourism resources, and some other aspects.Langkawi has rich tourism resources. Develop Langkawi tourism market is good for the local economy,it can provide more jobs for local people. So develop a good marketing plan for Langkawi is very necessary, it can promote the development of tourism industry, thus promote the development of entirety economic in Malaysia. References Jeremy, A. (2002), The rough guide to Southeast Asia, Rough Guides Ltd,Mohamed, Z. H. I. (2000), The legends of Langkawi, Utusan Publications & Distributors Sdn Bhd, Kuala Lumpur. John, S. Michael, T. (1998), How to civilise a marketing plan a guide to reaching the customer market, MPG Books Ltd, Great Britain. John, W. (2010), How to write a marketing plan, Replika Press Pvt Ltd, India. Malcolm, M. & Hugh, W. (2011), Marketing Plans How to prepare them, how to use them, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, United Kingdom. Simon, R. (2007), Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei, Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd, Australia. Susan, B. (2001), Successful tourism marketing a practical handbook, Kogan Page Limited, London.

Publix Case Essay

Identify the relevant marcroenvironmental particularors. What impact do these issues have on the focal organization? Level I The Global Business alto acquireherianceThe macroenvironment consists of the global business community, chargeing much on the external environment of an organization. The macroenvironmental factors that atomic number 18 relevant to Publix and its exertion includes society, demographics, economic, natural, political/legal, and technological. I.SocietyPublix serves everyplace 1 million customers all(prenominal) day. This consists of individuals cosmos influenced by differents, organizations, society, and the subcultures, which they identify with. Publix is based in the linked States, initially universe founded in Florida. In places such as Atlanta, Florida, South Carolina and Tennessee, where Publix has presence, consist of a melting pot of cultures that have come to the land of the desolate for convenience and freedom of choice.Due to this, there a rgon many subcultures that have their own preferences. more or less only eat Kosher, organic, or specialty products, that may only be found in certain supermarkets alternatively, consumers may just be looking for the top hat deal they after part attempt their hands on. Customers, both men and women, are becoming more knowledgeable about products and are more demanding on graphic symbol in the goods they purchase, therefore being more involved in companys decision making process. Nutritional conscious supermarket shoppers are checking labels as neer before(Mujtaba et al, 2012). II.DemographicsThe growth rate of the population, the age distribution, and abode patterns all account for many of Publixs innovative ideas. In Florida, Atlanta, South Carolina, and Tennessee, all have a strong student population, as well as dual employed family homes. In such a fast paced society, a major(ip)ity of this population can be categorized as time impoverished customers.They opt for already pre-cut food and prepared cooked dinners. Studies show that 37% of households buy prepared products at least once a week, a major increase from 27% in the previous year(Mujtaba et al, 2012).This is the reason why Publix was one the first to incorporate self-checkout within their stores to give to this market. Similarly, Publix tried to penetrate the online market due to the trends of customer behaviorsto buying goods online. By 2007, 20 million households in the United States will purchase groceries, goods, and other household items online(Mujtaba et al, 2012). This is an approximate expenditure of $85 million dollars for mainly good items.The pattern of most household shows that individuals, families, and any other consumers in the supermarket industry, on average, live in a geographical area for about 10 years. This means that the average revenue spent by consumers every year have a sprightliness value of ten years, and that relationship necessitate to be nurtured. Despite educ ational level, since the recession of 2008, many individuals have felt the effects not only in their bank account, but also within their daily lives.Therefore, in general, the United States has shifted to a bargain shopping way of purchasing goods. However, those living in the United States also seek the full package, and want to be taken care of customer assistance, at a reasonable price. Therefore, there has been a trend showing cost- conscious customers turning away from premium brands towards individual store brands. III.EconomicFortunately for all in the food industry, US food spending is on the rise. However, unfortunately for Publix and other supermarket retailers, they are not capturing their fare share of that market. Instead those penetrating the available market are alternatives to supermarkets, such as supercenters, warehouse clubs, and drug stores.When regarding the food industry in the United States it is a market-based economy, where there is currently an oversupply in choices available to the consumer. It has been 5 years since the recession hit consumers, thus companies all over the United States, and the average customer now spends $50,000 dollars as a lifetime value over ten years. However, due to recent trends, the average income of online target customers would yield a high salary those regular shoppers. IV.NaturalOver the last decade, there has been a lengthy move toward environmentalism. In the past, environmentalism would not have much to do with the food industry, but this view is incorrect. Generally speaking, most companies are expected to have a corporate social responsibility towards the environment, its well being, and the well being of its stakeholders.According to the food industry, across the board, consumers believe that corporations shouldhave their best interest in mind and endure foods that are of quality and are not evil to the human body. Global activists group have arisen such as Greenpeace, who have formed two oth er coalitions, including True Good Now and GE free Markets. V.Political/ legalAs mentioned, as customers obtain more knowledge and want a voice ion what is in the goods that they purchase, food safety is becoming a major issue in the grocery industry. Therefore, there have been many laws and regulations that have been en draw and quarterd to ensure this. For example, seven of the nations largest grocery stores have admitted to re-dating meats and fish that had already reached their superior sell by date. VI.TechnologicalDue to technology, 20000 new items are hitting the market every year across the board. The on-going innovations brought forth by technology are delivery changes and new procedures in all industries, not just food retailers. Therefore, the value of understanding and anticipating changes in consumer preference cannot be overestimated.Technology is a major success factor in the food industry and plays a major role in efforts to offer more value for the customers ine scapably. Its a new withdraw in the environment that should not be reckoned with. It enhances the competitive position offering better service to the time- impoverished customer, and even those customers seeking convenience. Level III The focal OrganizationEach successive level is part of the preceding one. This is why macroenvironmental factors affect the focal organizations. The fact that Publix serves over 1 million customers in America, does not mean that all of these consumers are similar in behavior, values, or associated subcultures. America has become a melting pot of cultures with various beliefs and household patterns.Due to the fact that these customers are becoming more demanding, it is important to have an environment that takes care of their employees, customers, suppliers and community that they serve, to bring increased value to the customer. This results in better quality and more needs that are satisfied. Their mission is to become the premier quality food retaile r in the adult male.Customers are delighted with their shopping experience because Publix is responsive to the wants andneeds of customers, such as already prepared food, due to their Customer Intimacy courses.To cater to the wide range of subcultures and demographics, Publix had to employ the Deliver plus 1% philosophy. You must meet the customers shopping needs, plus exceed it by 1%. Despite the cost- conscious consumers, they get the full package they seek at Publix, that they would not recall at another competitor such as Wal-Mart. Publix supermarkets are ranked third among 46 chains, nationwide.As their prices are slightly higher than some of its competitors, Publix have neutral ratings on prices but excelled in checkout speed, service, and scavengeliness. This shows that the customer perceived value was higher than the customer perceived cost of paying slightly higher prices for high quality goods. Consumers do not mind spending a little extra to shop at Publix, once the ir full package service is satisfied, with clean stores staffed with trained and friendly front line employees.Environmentally, Publix does their part. They are a caring employer, and are known for being socially responsible in the community. By adhering to the needs of consumers and abiding by safe and clean environments, this becomes a major strength of the Publix brand.Last but not least, technology is a major force that has aided Publix get to where it is today. They were one of the first companies to have water fountains, self- service shopping, shopping carts, and computerized scanning technology. These are all innovations that add to the Publix brand, where shopping can actually be a pleasure. Self-service checkouts cater to the time- impoverished customers, and the computerized scanning technology that assists in keeping shelves stocked.Technology has also allowed Publix to explore the online market, founding PublixDirect. Even though they did not do well, it is a start to discovering a whole new market, where opportunities for major profit exists. All Macroenvironmental factors have had a direct influence on Publixs operations, as described above, especially technology. 2.Discuss the market factors. How do collaboration, competition, supplier, and regulators affect the performance of the focalorganization? Level II The MarketThe market consists of the microenvironment. This includes all factors such as collaboration, competition, suppliers, and regulators. I.CollaborationAt Publix, where shopping is a pleasure, everything revolves around pleasing the customer. This philosophy does not change, and should never be compromised. To do this associates are support to interact with their customer on a daily basis, resulting in immediate and local feedback. The advantage of this information is that Publix can better determine customers needs, wants and desires.To allow customers to hump shopping at Publixs clean facility, management believes employees shou ld also conduct work in a place where working is a pleasure. Publix offers their employees world class training programs, especially for their perishables department like the deli, bakery, produce and seafood. With over 1,000 stores, Publix has retained the largest employee- owned supermarket chain in the United States because it has a loyalty and loading to employee training.In an industry that can be categorized with having high turnover, most of their employees have been working with them for 10 or more years. Associates are taught to understand that they are not just in the grocery business, but also in the people business. Through this world class training program, Publix has created its Publix Customer Intimacy Program that enables managers to keep their fingers on the pulse of the customer on a daily basis (Mujtaba et al, 2012).This is not only a phrase, but has turned into a philosophy. This allows Publix to get both information from their own consumers, and also from their competitors. Another program implemented in its stores is called the Associate Voice Survey (AVS), and Quality Improvement Process (QIP). The focus is not on the customer, but instead their associates. The fact that Publix is constantly rewarded for 100 Best Companies to Work For, Employers of Older Workers, and Employers of Choice, speaks a lot to the way they treat their employees, results in quality improvements and assures that front line employees carry out Publixs philosophy. II.CompetitionDespite the strong competition in the supermarket industry, Publix has no immediate plans to expand internationally at this time. Whether Publix is being undercut or imitated, they are not willing to concede its customers tothe competition. The idea is that only they can give their customers a reason to shop elsewhere. As long as they take care of their customers better than anyone else, they will defeat their competition( Mujtaba et al, 2012). Wal-Mart is one of their top competitor, simil arly challenging other industries across the globe.They are number one retail grocer in the world and opened major supercenters throughout Florida, and in many other countries(Mujtaba et al, 2012). Due to economies of scale, they are able to successfully compete on price by undercutting almost all of their competitors. Therefore focus is beginning to shift to differentiation and performance improvement versus pricing, as no profits come from matching Wal-Mart prices. Within the food Industry, Safeway and Kroger Co. take second and first place as competitors, doubling and almost tripling their revenues, respectively, in 2009. some other companies such as Lacklusters financial performance has plagued some supermarket players in recent years, and also Walgreens, a food and drug store is one of the most admire companies. Whole foods, is a close runner up, which has achieved one third of Publixs sales, and should be considered competition.Publix is still small relative to other giants in the food industry. However, it consistently ranks highest among its competitors. To stay among these ranks, Publix retains their customers by benchmarking by studying the best practices of their competition find gaps between customer needs and availability, thus, trying to fill them. Despite major profit possibilities, none of the major grocery chains have mastered the online arena. III.SuppliersAs with most companies, the suppliers that distribute to Publix are not noted in the case. However, Publix prides itself on a corporate culture of an organization that creates superior value, but also high quality goods. Suppliers are likely to have a relationship with Publix, such as the one they have with their employees. Its about quality products at good prices, with a good shopping experience.Offering functional foods that are fortified with popular herbs, vitamins, and brawny additives implies that Publix must have a healthy relationship with their suppliers to supply this. Also, wit h the rise of cost- conscious consumers, Publix offers their own brand to cater and retain them. With private label brand continuing togrow, Publix must have their own supplier, which differs from all others, which supply their individual local brand. Private label branding grew 10.2% from 2007, and accounts for 25%( Mujtaba et al, 2012). 64% of shoppers said they very much or always buy a store brand versus a national brand (Mujtaba et al, 2012), which has major implications for supermarkets and their own suppliers. IV.RegulatorsMentioned previously, food safety has become a major concern. Therefore, in the food industry, leaders are paying more attention to ensure that the food products are in a safe and clean environment. They are required to constantly look at all risks that are associated with providing good quality as well as good safety, while attempting to get rid of them. Level III- Focal organizationEmbedded in Publixs business culture is that everything revolves around the customer, and servicing them with a smile. Their value proposition for customers all the way states that its customers want more than just groceries. Customers must be satisfied, delighted, and excited every time they visit or shop at your store. Some try to simulate Wal-Marts style of providing low cost goods to customers, and almost guarantee a re-purchase. However, studies show that this is not an easy task, and is not likely favorable to those retailers. Hence the reason Publix strives for differentiation.How do they maintain this competitive advantage whole competing with supermarket giants? Through the different programs at Publix, such as the Customer Intimacy Program and the AVS, employers are able to provide customers with value. They have created cross-functional and ad hoc teams to discuss opportunities for improvement that prove the fact that two heads are better than one. That is a competitive advantage in itself, being equipped with front line employees committed to making the arena a better place for the companys consumers.They are committed to satisfying the needs of its customers better than their competition. This is why they passionately focus on customer service, because only they can give their customers a reason to leave, and attractingnew customers is about five to sextette times more costly than retaining the ones they.Service is what Publix built its reputation on. As a result, Publix is ranked third among 46 chains, nationwide. Collaboration and Competition are the major factors regarding the microenvironment that affect their focal organization.

Globalization and some ethical issue Essay

Globalization is phenomenon which is quickly sweeping crosswise the realness. Globalization occurs when the scope of things, standardised trade and politics cross the national boundaries and enter the realm of worldwide scenario. To some extent lot working on the international front do non however belong to their deliver countries but actu bothy become a part of the international community. The increasingly proximate contacts between different countries of the world due to progress in means of traveling and communication, and exchange of not only products but also cultures, argon the actual basis and the real debates behind globoseization.Globalization has been believed to stupefy about revolution in the lives of people of quite a few countries affected by it. supranational trade, politics and spotlight on ethical issues has adequate to(p)ed doors to a completely new world for many. However, as much as its positive make like competitive global or open market trade, its negative effects ar also a cause of offense to many.It is seen that if people be happy by the transformed way of living due to globalisation, quite a lot are dismayed and consider globalization as an attack on their national identities, a raid on their distinctive cultural and an attempt of involvement in their countries internal affairs. Countries which are affected positively are mostly European or Western countries, with the exceptions of countries like China and Japan etc. belonging to the East, which in truth made use of the opportunity and progressed.Other developing countries spread over, Asia, Africa and Middle East were either overly badly exploited or accepted the international influence too much to loose their own specific culture and identities. Overwhelmed by the Western influence they did not progress as much as they lost their true identification. Numerous countries, cultures and nations have been under the influence of globalization but here specifically I am d iscussing the effects of globalization on China in from economic, political, environmental and cultural get of view.Cultural Impact of Globalization on China Globalization poses a threat for the original cultures of all the nations who accept to be a part of the international community. Accepting the international communitys norms and adjusting like wise is the first and foremost rule to be followed in such circumstances. Globalization is seen as an unbeatable homogenization that dooms local variation and that makes the nation state increasingly irrelevant. (Weller p. 161) Culture is highly dynamic it is not static. (Rothkop) Many people who staunchly believe in a strict national identity including steadfastness to religion, caste and creed etc. are opposed to the idea of globalization. International influence has no dubiety changed the scenario in nearly all the modern cities or areas of China in order to comply with the global requirements. The influx of knowledge, modern mach inery and modern lifestyles is simply unacceptable by many who have lived their lives protecting their cultural norms.Globalization aims at changing the entire way of lives of people belonging to any specific culture. link of women and people irrespective of caste, religion or family background in the employments opened as a payoff of being a part of the international market threatens the traditional caste system supported by many cultures and societies. Same holds true for China modern ways of life complying in accordance with the world standards are now a strong part of the modern Chinese society.Nevertheless, along with the good effects the bad effects are also inevitably incorporated into the society. Ethics, modesty and self restraint from the cordial evils leave the culture as modern ways are readily incorporated into it. This is the main reason why many wise believe in moderation. However, the new era, in general and that of China believes in accepting the good and the bad alike for the purpose of achieving progress and development which is hard earned. Globalization in China from economic point of viewChina is an Asian country, which has been positively influenced by globalization curiously in terms of economic growth. China grabbed the opportunity of entering into the competitive global market and using this opportunity for its own benefit. It seems China whole heartedly accepted the idea of globalization and allowed it to enter by curtain raising all doors to it. It is believed to have entered an era of explosive economic development mainly relying on export of their products.This definitely strengthened China and helped it improve its condition in many ways, for example, improving the quality of life of the people and the environment to meet the international standards which was highly necessary in order to stand lift to shoulder with the other international states in competing in the open market. Just as in any society, globalization change d the culture of China in multiple ways and China accepted all these transformations whole heartedly for the stake of betterment.However, it was not so easy for every one to adapt to the rapidly changing norms even if they were in the field of economics. Income disparity was an inevitable consequence. Even today it is believed that the most important source of income inequality in rural China is income from wages. (Khan and Riskin p. 30) However, this entrance into the international scenario made it incumbent upon China to meet the international standards not only in terms of products but also environment this lead to Chinas fight down towards maintaining and improving its environment so that it could come up to the world wide standards.

Russia vs Brazil Communication Styles

unremark fitted communication in Russia reflects a subdued formalism that is unique region. A commercial enterprise meeting with a stranger warrants the use of their patronymic name to address them. A patronymic name is the surname originated from a paternal ancestor such as a father or grandfather. All Russian surnames ar rooted on the individuals father with the suffix ovna or evna for women, which translate to the daughter of. For men the suffix ovich likewise translates to the son of pattern seeing in the women.To add an new(prenominal) layer of tradition, the Russian language has devil version of the word you. In a formal setting Russians use vy to delineate courtesy and respect, barely they also have the ty version to use with friends or family. In contrast, Brazils communication dash is much more relaxed and informal. Brazilians often interrupt each other in conversations, a habit that is non considered rude by their standards. They also communicate in very close proxi mity and enjoy sorrowful each other lightly. This practice is observed across gender roles.For example, Brazilian men touch other men as well as women during conversations. Women do not consider this behavior sexual molestation or inappropriate behavior. In fact, breaking away from this close proximity is considered an insult in Brazilian. risque Context Society Russians and Brazil use the high context communication style. This style is to integrate oral exam and nonverbal messages to transmit their thoughts and feeling. Engaging a conversation with a high context communicator a psyche must be able to indentify the subtle nuance in body language to decipher what is very being expressed.In short, many things are left unsaid in Russia, which enlightens operating and marketing a occupancy slightly challenging. For example, in the early 1990s a Russian beer company struck marketing favourable when its commercial aired during a Russian football game. The commercial depicted a fo otball fraud with a dated haircut and a jersey with the words I. Sussanin. His supposed coach is seen attempting to motivate him by verbalize You already played against the Polish, so just do the same with this team, lead them to the wrong watchfulness.In response, the thespian says nothing and turns away. This commercial resonated well with Russian consumers because the humour was implied. All Russians have a strong reasonableness of their history and understood that this was in reference to the war hero Ivan Sussanin who tricked the Polish into going the wrong direction in the War of 1613. Thus, it is imperative to have excellent listening and observational skills to be an effective communicator in Russia and Brazil. Negotiating The political and economic landscape of Russia is an influential element in its negotiation style.Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the tax shelter of property rights still remains relatively weak and businesses are often subject to state keep that is riddled with nepotism and corruption. Thus, Russian negotiations focus on the short-term gains and benefits of a business deal. In fact, communication in business deals can easily escalate into a highly contentious and adversarial experience. Dramatic reactions like threats to rallying cry off a deal, loss of temper, and even leaving the boardroom, are quite typical in business negotiations.Russians subscribe to the idea that one parties gain should be equitable the other parties loss. Thus, compromising is seen as a weakness and there is strong expectation that there is only one winner in a business deal. Leveraging relationships is an important element when negotiating in Brazil. Brazilians often employ distributive and contingency bargaining. objet dart the buyer is in a superior position, both sides in a business deal throw the responsibility to reach agreement. They expect long-term commitments from their business partners and leave behind focus mostly on long-t erm benefits.The primary negotiation style is competitive and Brazilians can be very aggressive negotiators. While proposals should edge the benefits to both negotiating parties, neither of them should take attempts to win competitive advantages negatively. It is crucial to remain non-confrontational and avoid direct betrothal throughout the bargaining exchange. Ultimately, the culture promotes a win-win approach and people value long-term business relationships. You give earn your counterparts respect by maintaining a positive, persistent attitude.Do not openly show aggression or frustration. Should a dispute arise at any stage of a negotiation, you might be able to reach resolution by leveraging personal relationships Conflict Management For a long clock Russia was organized into agricultural communes. Agricultural communes were communities and public farms that provided all of the food resources to the surrounding population. Food was distributed equally and Russians in cond ition(p) to cooperate and reduce waste whenever possible. Thus, Russian fondness for the group strongly influences their conflict management style.If there is an issue within an organization, it is important to address the group, not an individual, about the issue and find a cooperative solution to the problem. Russians believe that helping their team members accomplish a goal really does benefit them like a shot, Russian like to be successful together. They are more confident that they can work together and make decisions and strive to understand the opposing position by asking questions. Brazilian prefers to avoid dealing directly with conflict. When issues arise, they are dealt with privately, through a third party, or through passive resistance.Rather than state their opposition directly, Brazilians will problem solve their using the least amount of open dissension. Brazilian believes strongly in save face, a concept that many direct communicators do not factor in when dealin g with conflict. thrift face is simply dealing with an issue or concern in a manner that does not publicly embarrass Brazilians or cause them to lose respect in their own eyes or those of other individuals. Therefore, blame is not directly placed on anyone but is usually alluded to.

To Kill a Mocking Bird Mrs. Dubose

Valeria Lackey Mrs. Flemming English 10 March 3, 2011 To Kill a jeerer Essay In the retain To Kill a Mockingbird Jem and sc extinct live in a small town called Macomb. Scout and Jem have a lot of fun times roaming their neighborhood even though most of the town found it unruly and disturbing that their father was okay with this behavior. Jem and scout comprehend criticism from a lot of throng but the soulfulness who make it sting the most lived both houses down from them, Mrs. Dubose. Mrs. Dubose is an old, rude hag addicted to morphine and in this book is a symbol for the human race of things.This mean old witch is racist, very rude and admits how to make her words sting. Mrs. Duboses full ca-ca is Henry Lafayette Dubose, a boys appellation, which is more than ironic when she makes fun of Scout for being a tomboy and saying things like, Dont say hey to me you ugly girl You say good afternoon, Mrs. Dubose harpist leeward is showing Mrs. Dubose is a hypocrite because one she has a boys name and both she is non attractive either so she has no right to call anyone ugly. A lot of people in this community do not agree with Atticus, but one of the few that let it be hit the hayn is Mrs.Dubose. Every day the kids pass by her house and free-and-easy she has a new rumormonger intimately their father like, not only a Finch waiting tables but one in the lawcourt house lawing for niggers Mrs. Dubose doesnt have to address the children so harshly but she chooses to do so, Harper Lee is trying so symbolize stereotypical people. Mrs. Dubose might be able to stand up to her morphine addiction she wouldnt tell anyone to their face what she thinks about them only if they are smaller and they cannot do anything about it.Mrs. Dubose is a bully. Mrs. Dubose has been sucked into what most people should fear, an addition, but this was to a powerful highly addictive medicine, morphine. In the book it states that, Mrs. Dubose lived alone except for a Negro girl in constant attendance, yet her name suggests that she is married which can only mean she has been widowed. That is when she began to spiral downward into the hands of the monster. Jem and Scout didnt know that she was addicted to morphine they beneficial thought she was sick.Even when they go over to the house to read to her, Jems penalization Scout just tags along. Jem and Scout saw it as a nightmare to go over to this flagitious womans house and read to her and do little chores for her. They didnt even know they were travel her mind off of the thing that stalks it. Mrs. Dubose was a morphine addict, withdrawals is what Mrs. Dubose suffered every day until the morphine was completely out of her system, shortly after that she died, but she ended with a great battle to the finish.Harper Lee was symbolizing how everyday people are sucked into the devils hand its their choice to decide whether or not they will maturate out. Through everything Mrs. Dubose thought the children and Att icus she still unfortunately died. Like everything in life no content the accomplishments people still die, the importance is the memory story and knowledge they leave behind. . . . Instead of getting the mind that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. Its when you know youre crush before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what.. Mrs. Dubose did not get to tell Jem this but she helped Atticus make his children realize that there is more to courage than a gun. Mrs. Dubose fought a fight with out a gun and it was a hard one but she made it and carry out what she thought she could only dream of doing. Being free of morphine was her last wish and she accomplished that, She said she was going to leave this world beholden to nothing and nobody. Her death symbolizes you do not know what you have until you lose it Jem would have never looked through her wickedness.It took death for him to realize what she was truly about. More than just the characters in the book can learn from Mrs. Dubose, she helps unfold many lessons. Do not judge a book by its cover, take a step in another shoes for a magic spell and a friendship can come in an unlikely place. Harper Lee used Mrs. Dubose as a symbol to reality that the real world is not a fairy tell and a lot of people are going to say hurtful things but being the bigger person is better off in the long run. Mrs. Dubose was an old hag that overcame her fear and died without morphine.

Vizio Case

Management Focus on Vizio Quest no 7 Reread the Management Focus on Vizio and answer the following questions a. Why is the manufacturing of flat embellish TVs migrating to different locations around the world? Vizio TV get their decorate from South Korea, electronic components from China, and processors from the United States, and it is come together in Mexico. Vizios managers search for the cheapest manufacturers of flat panel displays and these electronic components.Vizio TV move to the developing countries to making their products because the workers salaries ar lower than the United States, so they can snub the equal of the products. A nonher reason of migrating to different locations is the decreasing trade and investment barriers between countries. b. Who benefits from the globalization of the flat panel display industry? Who are the losers? Vizio Company takes benefits from globalization of the flat panel display industry because they reduce the labor equals and then als o increase their profit.The labors in foreign countries also benefit because they are hired with a higher salary by the company. Consumers also benefit from it because they can purchase the TV in a lower price as compare with other brands prices. Some people could not get any benefits because when the company moves to another countrified, they have to lose jobs. The manufacturing products environment in the foreign country may be effected or harmful due to the pollutant release to the environment and it affects the people who get laid around. d. What does the example of Vizio tell you about the future of production in an increasingly integrated global preservation?What does it tell you about the strategies that enterprises must adopt to thrive in highly competitive global markets? In the future, more and more companies will choose the globalization in production which is applied to their business, the manufacturers to reduce the cost and increase the competitive advantages in the market. When every manufacturer follows this strategy, the unfair in competition will remove. For example, Sonyand Hitachi virtually their plants in U. S but make T. V in Mexico and Asia plants and sell their products in U. S to compete with Vizio Company.

Poy Sang Long

Poy Sang Long is a rite of passage practiced in Thailand and Myanmar. Its three solar days and it involves kids age 7 to 14 garmented like Buddhas son. The children ride on an adults back for two days and on the third day they go to a monastery where they have to live for at least a hebdomad or more. I think of this is a neat custom for all these children because they have fun participating in the feast for two days and after that they decide if they want to stay in the monastery for more the a week so its their decision if they want to make monks.I also think that the custom extract grown in these kids because their knowledge increases and they come back from the monastery as unfermented people who know more about their own religion . I would definitely do this rite of passage because it would give me a clear understating of how Buddhist live and I will regard martial arts along the way. If I really had a chance to do it I would be excited and interested in changing up m y daily routine. The only thing that would give me trouble would be the 6 hours of meditating daily.I think the true purpose of this rite is to show uniqueness in Buddhism because I have never withal heard of any in good order of passage close to that one. One of the main purposes is also to respect Buddha who utter that this will be a rite of passage for all the young children. The benefits of this the right way of passage argon that people will gather to a commune event, kids will have fun and they will learn about their religion and they will experience what is like to live with monks.I also think that this right of passage can be harmful because of the discrimination against women. In a way its great that children learn so many new things but its only for boys so the girls are non allowed. And if I was a girl and I see my male friend and my brother lets say for example I would ask myself why. Why am I different, why cant I have fun like them and why cant a become a monk. Al l this thoughts will stay in the girls mind and later on affect her by mayhap lowering her self esteem and changing her beliefs about males.The three stage process about right of passage is to change from what you are to something new, to remove yourself from the indian lodge temporarily and to be re-admitted as a new person in the society. In Poy Sang Long the children change from being goofs to being smaller goofs in way because they learn about Zen meditation and they learn to control their emotions better. They are removed from the society by going to a monastery for a utmost of time and they are re-admitted back after the period is done. I think that this rite of passage follows the threes stage process but it varies because some of the children may become real monks.

Four Styles of Creative Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Four Styles of Creative Intelligence - Essay ExampleThe four styles of productive parole ar as reviews, first is Intuitive, this is based upon the past experience and it is virtuoso of the most widely rely styles of creative intuition. The biggest advantage of this style is that the past experience is taken into consideration when adopting this method, when past experience is considered many another(prenominal) new things tail assembly be learnt from the same as experience is believed to be the best teacher. Many mistakes can be avoided making the most of this method indeed it is a in truth good style to follow as far as creative intelligence is concerned.Second style is Innovative this is another highly adopted style. Organizations comply across new problems allday and in order to solve the problem one needs to come up with new solutions and what Innovation is all about. Innovation focuses upon new methods to tackle problems, every cheeks looks for this quality in its em ployees. Innovation is based upon a systematic approach to problems and its all about advent up with solutions to the problem. This is another very highly adopted style of creative intelligence which is used by more organizations than one these days.The third style of creative intelligence is Imaginative. ... There is no certainty whether their ideas would leaven beneficial to the organization or not. On the contrary if the ideas click then the organization would surely rise itself sitting in a very comfortable position. So it is like a gamble which big businessman pay off or it might not pay off.The last style of creative intelligence is Inspirational this is more like motivation where the employees are inspired and motivated to achieve the goals of the organization. Every organization should follow this style in order to make sure that all the employees work towards the same goals regulate by the organizations. Using this style has many advantages the biggest of them all is t hat the employees start working selflessly and ultimately the emergence of the organization as well as the employees take place. So it is advisable to use this style of creative intelligence to make sure that the employees try and meet all the goals set by the organization.The five forces that tempt the mind set and hence go on to influence the decision making procedure are as followsFirst is the entry of competitors, this brings a lot of worries to an organization. The organizations starts considering various factors like What are the Absolute embody advantages Which barriers do exist How easy or difficult is it for new entrants to start competing (Porters Five forces model, 13 October 2008). It is very essential to do an in-depth analysis on the competitors in the market to know where the organization relay stands, hence this step becomes inevitable.The next is Threat of Substitutes, things like How easy can a product or aid be substituted Can products be made cheaper What are the switching costs (Porters Five forces model, 13 October 2008) come

Cultural Awareness, Understanding, and Acceptance Research Paper - 2

heathenish Awareness, Understanding, and Acceptance - Research Paper ExampleThis testament help educators and students to detect bias in books, in the media and other reading materials. It is high time publishers and writers became objective and try not to undermine the beliefs of others. Most educative materials are bias and do not have a global perspective. It is, therefore, time there is a change to the approach of doing things. The society is not equal since some are advantage unlike some. commandmental opportunities are not available for all. Equity pedagogy aims at providing equal opportunities to all in the society. Transforming of the schools will help in promoting national unity and harmony. Multi heathen competency helps an individual to improve his or her air of perceiving, believing, evaluating and problem solving. The fact is muckle are self-centered and do not care about others. dumbfound cultural interaction and exchange is slowly making people understand the si gnificance of cohesion. There is inequality in the society because of stereotypes and tendencies of prejudice. There are many myths about other peoples purification and this has a negative effect on how communities relate. Some communities make others bump inferior causing horror and animosity. Lack of cultural interaction is the main cause to the problem. It is hence vital for stakeholders to embrace multicultural knowledge system since it will provide solid solutions that are long term. Answers to part B and C assimilation refers t the knowledge, values, experience, attitudes, religion, concepts of the universe and spatial relationships developed by a conclave of individuals through both group and individual striving. Culture also entails the patterns of behavior developed and transmitted from one generation to another. Various cultural groups think act and feel differently depending on their beliefs. There are no scientific standards to finalise which group is superior or inferior (Knight 2004). Multi cultural education refers to inter discipline and cross-curricular education that prepares students to sketch and live in a diverse environment. Respect and appreciation of cross-culture is increasing gaining momentum throughout the world. It is advance and impressive that students are learning cultures outside those of their own. This helps them interact well with people of different cultures. Multicultural education provides an opportunity for learning institutions to create cultural awareness among students though the various students organization. This equips students with the skills they need to interact with other people having different cultures and beliefs. As globalization is taking shape and businesses expanding, cross-cultural interaction is on the rise. As more people from different cultures interact, they exchange the cultures and learn to compromise with what other people think and feel (Johanna, 2000). Multicultural education is princi pal in addressing cultural differences and cultural bias because it encourages respect and appreciations of other peoples beliefs. In an educational setting, students become aware on the cultures of other people, reasons as to why they roleplay the way they do and why it is crucial to respect other people believes (Knight, 2004).Multicultural educa